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Background: Androgenic alopecia (AGA) is the most common progressive type of hair loss in men and women. AGA is characterized by miniaturization of hair follicles, causing the final hair to become villi.
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of injections of two different concentrations of botulinum toxin type A (BTA) for the treatment of AGA in Egyptian patients.
Methods: Adult male（Hamilton–Norwood I–VII） and female（Ludwig I–III） patients (sample number = 32) received two different concentrations of BTA (33.3 and 25 U/mL) on both sides of the scalp; each side Inject at 15 points, with a dose of 0.1 mL per point (the right side contains 3.3 U, the left side contains 2.5 U). Clinical improvement and dermoscopic assessments were performed at baseline, 3 and 6 months.
Results: At 6 months after injection, the number of male patients classified as Hamilton–Norwood Grade II (sample number = 5) increased from 0% to 60% (3/5), and the number of female patients classified as Ludwig Grade I increased from 0% to 60% (3/5). (Number of samples = 27) also increased from 14.8% (4/27) to 70% (19/27). Dermoscopy results showed a significant increase in villus density on the right side (33.3 U/mL) from baseline to 6 months, while no change was seen on the left side (25 U/mL); however, villus density at 3 months higher than the 6th month. There were more changes in macular and perifollicular signs on the right side. Reported adverse reactions include irritation, headache, injection site pain, and nausea.
Conclusion: The results of this study show that botulinum toxin type A injection is safe and effective in the treatment of androgenic alopecia in men and women. These findings provide new concepts and strategies for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia in Egyptians.
